SoilErosion.com

Soil Erosion Problems and Solutions

Drainage

Landscape Netting for Slopes

If it seems impossible to keep your growing space seeded due to adverse conditions, then you might need landscape netting for slopes. Landscape netting is beneficial for shielding and keeping seeds in place and is easy to install in gardens or landscaped areas.

What Is Landscape Netting?

In certain areas, such as on slopes or hills, vegetation might not grow well due to many factors. The seeds might not be able to stay in one place because of the slope, or the area might be affected by wind or water erosion. Thus, landscape netting protects the seeds and keeps them from being swept away by water or windy conditions.

Additionally, birds or other animals might be eating the seeds, leaving fewer to grow into plants. Because landscape netting defends the seeds, they can grow and flourish into seedlings and, ultimately, mature plants. Without protection from landscape netting, the seeds and seedlings might never have the chance to reach full maturity.

Landscape Netting Uses and Applications

Landscape netting is manufactured in many shapes and sizes. Typically, it’s made of coir (the durable, all-natural fibers from coconut husks), jute, straw, or synthetic materials. If you’re concerned about your ecological footprint, you could use a coir, jute, or straw variety of landscape netting for slopes, as these materials are all biodegradable and eco-friendly thanks to their natural fibers.

It’s wise to use landscape netting for slopes and other areas characterized by hilly terrain. In addition to slopes, landscape netting can also be advantageous in areas prone to erosion. You can apply landscape netting to small areas as well as large-scale landscaping or agricultural projects. No matter where you install the landscape netting, you can be confident in its ability to maintain and control erosion.

How to Use Landscape Netting for Slopes

First, prepare the installation area by removing any debris, and then compact the soil. Next, you will need to till the top few inches of soil where you’re installing the netting. Now you’re ready to plant and seed the area as you would normally. It’s important to dig a small trench at the top of the slope to secure the landscape netting in place. Once you have secured the netting to the trench using staples or stakes, backfill the trench and compact the surrounding soil. 

The next step is to unroll the landscape netting from the trench and down the slope. Keep pulling the netting taut, as it should be flat against the soil. After the netting covers the slope, anchor it to the soil. Finally, you’ll need to dig another trench at the bottom of the slope to hold the end of the netting so it doesn’t shift. Don’t forget to water the slope thoroughly once you’ve finished installing the netting. Over time, the netting will degrade into the soil.

Landscape netting has many advantages and will assist you in growing any kind of vegetation in any environment. Try landscape netting for slopes to keep your seeds safe from the elements.

How Does Soil Erosion Affect Soil Fertility

The usual image that comes to mind when thinking about erosion is beach erosion and other areas where the land has very noticeable changes due to erosion. It’s often straightforward to see the impact that erosion has on these areas because there are visible changes to the landscape. Soil erosion can result in changes that aren’t visible that can have just as devastating an impact as a beach disappearing over time. 

As a gardener, you may find yourself in a situation where you have to deal with soil erosion, as it can harm the fertility of the soil in your garden.

What is Soil Fertility?

Soil fertility is the concept of how well the soil can provide a habitat for life. Rich, fertile soil is the home of diverse organisms and is able to grow a variety of plants that result in a plentiful harvest of top-quality fruits and vegetables. A backyard garden that has fertile soil doesn’t need any amendments to it to ensure that your crop does well. A garden that has soil fertility issues will struggle to yield a quality harvest.

What Factors Contribute to Soil Fertility?

Several factors contribute to soil fertility. The soil needs to be deep enough for roots to grow and water to be retained in it. Weak root growth or water that evaporates too quickly will result in plants that don’t thrive. There also needs to be some drainage in the soil. More clay-based soils can result in poor drainage. This drainage issue can result in plants having their roots rot, and often ends in the plant dying. Also, drainage issues often mean that the soil is too hard without aeration for the roots.

The amount of organic matter that is found in the soil is also essential. Organic matter helps with soil structure and moisture, along with putting minerals and nutrients into the soil. A lack of organic matter will often result in plants that are probably not getting the right mix of nutrients to grow. Fertile soil also has the perfect pH. It should range from 5.5 to 7.0 for most plants. There are some plants, such as blueberries, that prefer soil outside of this pH range, but for most plants, this range is the sweet spot.

Another aspect of soil fertility is the other organisms in the soil. Some gardeners think of every organism that invades their garden as a pest or a problem that needs to be eradicated, but that’s not always the case. There are beneficial microorganisms that live in the soil that help plants grow, such as mycorrhizae. Poor soil quality often results in the death or migration of these microorganisms. 

Why is Soil Fertility Important?

Often, when there are issues with the growth of a plant or the harvest, there are two potential causes. One is pests, while the other is soil fertility. Soil fertility is vital for the soil to provide the perfect medium for any plants to grow. Problems with the fertility of the soil will show up during the growing season. Gardeners may find that their seedlings don’t grow as they should or that the leaves of the plants are yellowing when they should be a healthy green. The fertility of the soil must be addressed to help treat any issues and prevent them from occurring again in the future.

How Does Erosion Affect Soil Fertility?

Soil erosion can have an impact on soil fertility. The soil in your garden is in layers that have been deposited over time. Often, the top layer that you plant your garden in is called topsoil. Erosion erases away the top layers of the topsoil over time. As topsoil is often one of the most fertile areas, you’re losing some of the qualities that make your soil fertile. Loss of soil fertility can be a huge problem for gardeners that can’t be ignored.

Testing Your Soil

One of the first things that should be done if you think there’s a problem with the fertility of your soil is to test it. Testing is a valuable tool that can help you address any lack of nutrients or minerals in the soil that’s impacting your crops or flowers. There are two options when it comes to testing. 

You can pick up a DIY kit that allows you to take several samples from around your garden and test the soil yourself. These kits can require that you follow the directions exactly to get the correct results, so it is imperative to read the instructions carefully a few times before you get started. 

The other option is to send your soil samples off to a lab to have them tested for you. For this option, you’ll need to collect the soil using the directions they send. Usually, these directions are that you have to collect at an appropriate depth and in several areas to get an overall feel for your soil’s health.

Once you receive the test results, you can use them to amend the soil as needed. You may find that you need a general application of fertilizer to boost the nutrients in the soil or that you need only one particular nutrient. Problems with pH can also be found at this time. 

Soil Fertility Assistance

After you’ve tested the soil, you should also look into the physical nature of the soil. How deep does your garden bed go down? Does your soil contain clay? When it rains, does your garden become a muddy mess? Any of these issues should be adjusted. For instance, you can add lighter amendments to the soil that’s high in clay.

Soil erosion can cause issues with your garden and how well it will grow over the season. Adding minerals and nutrients to it may be necessary if the erosion has taken away too much of what makes your soil fertile. Testing your soil is one of the best methods of ensuring that your soil remains viable for this growing season and beyond. 

Products to Help Prevent Soil Erosion

Soil erosion is usually caused by one of two environmental events — wind or water.

Wind erosion occurs in flat, bare areas where land may have recently been cultivated or in dry, sandy areas where soil might be loose or unstable. Wind erosion lifts soil particles into the air and deposits sediment over great distances. Preventing soil erosion due to wind involves stabilizing the soil, increasing its moisture content, and encouraging it to form clumps and clods, making it more difficult to move.

Soil erosion caused by water produces drastic changes across a landscape. As surface soil is washed away, vital nutrients go with it, compromising seed and plant growth. Cultivated land is susceptible to sheet erosion when the soil becomes overwhelmed by the rush of water and can’t absorb moisture or filter the water. Combatting erosion from water involves shoring up ditches and culverts, as well as creating dams to divert water’s progress or slow it down.

Causes of Soil Erosion

Rainfall and runoff contribute to soil erosion by carrying soil away and leaving behind sediment, pesticides, and fertilizers in its path. Wind does much the same, except dust clouds from suspension erosion can travel vast distances to blanket regions or smother crops with sediment.

Soil’s vulnerability to erosion might dictate how extensive damage might be but may also provide clues to preventing erosion or minimizing its impacts.

Slope length, land topography, and elevation contribute to soil erosion. Mudslides are a common sight when erosion from water sends sheets of topsoil to slide over itself and dislodge. Accumulating structures like sand dunes created from deposits left from wind erosion are likely to be lifted and carried into the air over and over during a wind event.

Vegetation, or the lack of it, plays a vital role in keeping soil stable and stationary. Roots from growing plants help bind soil together to make it harder to move. Trees can provide soil protection from the wind by making it more difficult for wind to reach the soil.

Effects of Soil Erosion

Economic impacts include crop loss, loss of soil fertility, and repairs or restorations to regions affected by soil erosion. Infrastructure might be weakened and roadways compromised due to accumulating sediment or runoff.

The environmental impacts of soil erosion can be seen in several influences. Wind erosion might strip the land of its topsoil surface and compromise substructures or rooting plants. Water erosion can stress rivers and streams and cause their protective banks to collapse under water’s driving force. 

In regard to the impacts on human health, wind erosion can cause dust and dirt particles to be lifted into the air and possibly blown through windows, exacerbating allergies or upper-respiratory issues. Water erosion compromises agriculture and might result in low-quality produce. Both types of erosion wash away fertilizers and pesticides, carrying them over the land to deposit in rivers or streams or via wind, tainting air and water quality. 

Preventative Measures

Today’s market offers many soil erosion control products in varying applications that can help minimize the impact. Whether their use is for road construction or to provide stabilization and filtration, there are products that can meet and exceed expectations. 

Geotextiles help control erosion and come in several different shapes, types, and textures depending on the purpose it will serve. Geotextiles come in three main forms: woven, non-woven, and coir. These textiles are useful in the preventative practices of strip farming and terracing.

Woven Geotextiles

Woven geotextiles and fabrics are made from several different fiber types. Their tight construction stabilizes soil and are effective for erosion control. These geotextiles are often used in road construction and shoreline erosion control. Woven geotextiles are put to work in regions of heavy erosion, in riprap, and on embankments and slopes to minimize runoff and wall collapse.

Non-woven Geotextiles

Non-woven geotextiles are used for their smooth, felt-like surface that allows water to flow through the fabric while still filtering particles. Non-woven geotextiles are used in areas that require subsurface filtration and stabilization and provide adequate drainage. Non-woven geotextiles are often found in asphalt overlays and in the understructure of ponds. 

Coir textiles

Coir textiles are made from the husk of the coconut and provide a natural solution to erosion control. Coir textiles allow for deep rooting and provide nutrients to support the growth and development of vegetation. Coir supplies adequate aeration and drainage to allow for permanent vegetation to grow through. Coir works to hold seeds and saplings in place and is safe for wildlife. Coir needs no chemical treatment. 

Coir is used to create check dams — small dam constructions across ditches or swales to slow the flow of water or divert its movement. It also adds to existing contours in order to build up the land or fill rills or gullies. Because coir’s life span is two to five years, it is used for short-term, temporary, and semi-permanent solutions. Coir comes in various forms in order to utilize it to its full potential. 

  • Coir wattles create a natural barrier to filter water. Coir wattles are used for their strength and filtration qualities and make wattles ideal for new construction sites to minimize impact. They’re also found in restoration projects to help prevent future damage.
  • Coir erosion control blankets are used to increase soil stability. They are effective in decreasing the effects of wind and water erosion and are often used on slopes or areas sensitive to erosion. In climates where there is a lot of shade or cold temperatures increase seed germination time, coir erosion blankets are used to protect and nurture seeds.
  • Coir logs work in the same way as wattles and blankets, but their shape makes them ideal for use in areas of erosion and runoff such as hills, banks, and shorelines.

More is understood today about how soil erosion impacts the environment, economy, and health. With this knowledge in mind, products on the market are designed to perform various functions in order to stem the tide and offset the wind.

Tips for Using Silt Bags for Erosion Control

Erosion is a common problem on construction sites and extensive agricultural projects, and there are numerous ways to control erosion on a large scale. Silt bags have been proven to be an effective way to control erosion on construction sites. This guide will explain how silt bags are used for erosion control and give you a few tips for using silt bags yourself.

What Are Silt Bags?

Silt bags are dewatering products manufactured from geotextile fabrics. Dewatering is the process of removing water from a construction area with water pumps. If an area was flooded in the past, it may be necessary to pump water away from the site before beginning construction or excavation. By controlling the movement of sediment, silt bags help construction sites comply with stringent stormwater regulations. 

Silt bags filter sediment and other materials from water. When you utilize silt bags, water flows through the bags and sediment is trapped inside.

Applications

Silt bags are used to filter water and can be used at construction sites, wastewater treatment plants, and any job site where sediment needs to be controlled. It’s necessary to mitigate erosion around construction sites in order to minimize the amount of sediment that is carried into lakes, rivers, and streams. 

Sediment can carry pollutants that are detrimental to wildlife, so it’s important to manage the movement of sediment when possible. Using silt bags at construction sites will help protect nearby wildlife, bodies of water, and natural resources.

You can use coir mats, logs, or netting in conjunction with silt bags at construction sites. Coconut coir fibers have an unmatched ability to retain and absorb water. After the silt bag filters the sediment from the water, coir mats or logs will absorb the water for the surrounding vegetation. In this way, sediment-free water is able to be absorbed into the soil or go down a storm drain. 

In addition, the coir mats, logs, and nettings secure the soil in place, preventing the filtered water from washing away the existing soil. Coir products are eco-friendly and biodegradable and provide essential nutrients to the soil as they decompose. They are wholly organic and leave behind no waste products.

Tips for Using Silt Bags

When you want to use silt bags for erosion control, you should first assess the area and see how you can protect the soil and surrounding vegetation. To prevent further erosion, you should support and stabilize the area.

Instead of throwing away the contents of the silt bag, you can put the silt and sediment back on the area for stabilization and support as long as they don’t contain pollutants or hazardous materials. Check the silt bags frequently for clogs or other impairments and replace the bag if needed.

If it’s necessary to pump water away from your construction site, it’s a good idea to use silt bags to control erosion and sediment movement. Using silt bags for erosion control is good for the environment and allows construction to take place without harming the existing vegetation or soil.

Stabilization Fabric: Woven vs Non-Woven

As its name suggests, stabilization fabric is a stabilizer and an effective erosion control method. Stabilization fabric is also important for roads and other structures, in that it helps the structure support massive amounts of weight consistently. This review will cover woven and non-woven stabilization fabric as well as uses and applications of stabilization fabric.

What Is Stabilization Fabric?

Stabilization fabric, referred to as geotextile, is used across many industries and has countless uses and applications. Geotextiles provide an abundance of benefits to the area in which they are installed. This durable stabilization fabric is used for soil stabilization, to separate soil from rock, to assist with filtering and drainage, and as an erosion control method. Stabilization fabric can be woven or non-woven and can be customized for use on any kind of project and in any capacity.

Woven Stabilization Fabric

Woven stabilization fabric is manufactured through a meticulous weaving process. Thanks to its design, woven stabilization fabric is incredibly strong, making it a viable solution for heavy-duty projects such as road construction. Because this stabilization fabric is woven tightly together, it’s not ideal for projects involving draining or filtering.

Woven stabilization fabric is made to be long-lasting, so it’s a good choice for long-term projects. Woven stabilization fabric is the layer of extra support that roads and rock structures require for maximum stabilization and security. Without this protective layer, water would flow through cracks in the road or pavement and damage the underlying soil, which would weaken the road’s overall structure. This fabric helps extend the lives of roads and highways.

Non-Woven Stabilization Fabric

Non-woven stabilization fabric is commonly made by fusing various synthetic materials together using chemicals or heat. Despite being composed of synthetic materials, non-woven fabric is durable, versatile, and allows water to pass through it easily. The porosity of non-woven stabilization fabric allows it to filter water while holding the soil in place. 

Non-woven stabilization fabric is most effective when used for filtering or separating purposes on large-scale construction projects or smaller landscaping projects. When used for separating, non-woven stabilization fabric provides a layer of support between the soil and riprap. 

Uses and Applications

Stabilization fabric can be used in conjunction with soil and rock for many purposes throughout a wide range of industries. Stabilization fabric’s primary uses include separating soil from rock, stabilizing soil, draining a location of flooding water, filtering water, supporting storm drains, and protecting areas against erosion.

Stabilization fabric can be implemented underneath roads or airport runways to support the soil. Additionally, stabilization fabric can be found on construction sites as a layer of protection for the soil. Woven stabilization fabric can be applied to pavement, roads, railroads, building structures, and riprap.

Stabilization fabric is another line of defense in the battle against erosion, and it has a variety of supplemental uses, as well. Any kind of stabilization fabric will benefit the area in which it’s installed, as you can never have too much support for soil in areas affected by erosion.