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Soil Erosion Problems and Solutions

Erosion Control

Tips for Using Silt Bags for Erosion Control

Erosion is a common problem on construction sites and extensive agricultural projects, and there are numerous ways to control erosion on a large scale. Silt bags have been proven to be an effective way to control erosion on construction sites. This guide will explain how silt bags are used for erosion control and give you a few tips for using silt bags yourself.

What Are Silt Bags?

Silt bags are dewatering products manufactured from geotextile fabrics. Dewatering is the process of removing water from a construction area with water pumps. If an area was flooded in the past, it may be necessary to pump water away from the site before beginning construction or excavation. By controlling the movement of sediment, silt bags help construction sites comply with stringent stormwater regulations. 

Silt bags filter sediment and other materials from water. When you utilize silt bags, water flows through the bags and sediment is trapped inside.

Applications

Silt bags are used to filter water and can be used at construction sites, wastewater treatment plants, and any job site where sediment needs to be controlled. It’s necessary to mitigate erosion around construction sites in order to minimize the amount of sediment that is carried into lakes, rivers, and streams. 

Sediment can carry pollutants that are detrimental to wildlife, so it’s important to manage the movement of sediment when possible. Using silt bags at construction sites will help protect nearby wildlife, bodies of water, and natural resources.

You can use coir mats, logs, or netting in conjunction with silt bags at construction sites. Coconut coir fibers have an unmatched ability to retain and absorb water. After the silt bag filters the sediment from the water, coir mats or logs will absorb the water for the surrounding vegetation. In this way, sediment-free water is able to be absorbed into the soil or go down a storm drain. 

In addition, the coir mats, logs, and nettings secure the soil in place, preventing the filtered water from washing away the existing soil. Coir products are eco-friendly and biodegradable and provide essential nutrients to the soil as they decompose. They are wholly organic and leave behind no waste products.

Tips for Using Silt Bags

When you want to use silt bags for erosion control, you should first assess the area and see how you can protect the soil and surrounding vegetation. To prevent further erosion, you should support and stabilize the area.

Instead of throwing away the contents of the silt bag, you can put the silt and sediment back on the area for stabilization and support as long as they don’t contain pollutants or hazardous materials. Check the silt bags frequently for clogs or other impairments and replace the bag if needed.

If it’s necessary to pump water away from your construction site, it’s a good idea to use silt bags to control erosion and sediment movement. Using silt bags for erosion control is good for the environment and allows construction to take place without harming the existing vegetation or soil.

Top 3 Erosion Control Methods

Water is one of the most powerful forces on Earth. When combined with windy conditions, it can damage even the best-maintained soil and landscapes. Thankfully, there are several erosion control methods you can utilize. By implementing any of these erosion control methods, you can manage erosion and protect the soil and vegetation in your garden or landscaping.

Riprap

Thanks to its durability and ability to withstand adverse weather conditions, riprap is a good erosion control method. Riprap consists of numerous rocks of all shapes and sizes that are tightly locked together. The rocks help hold the soil in place and prevent it from being washed away by water or wind. Riprap can also be used to stabilize the soil around a riverbank or lakeshore, helping keep the bank and shore intact. It is common to see riprap around bridge supports, especially if the bridge is over a body of water.

For landscaping and gardening, rocks can hold the soil in place and mitigate weed growth. If you’re rockscaping, you should use the rocks in conjunction with landscape netting. The combination of rocks and landscape netting will protect the plants and minimize erosion.

Erosion Control Blankets

Erosion control blankets are laid out over areas that have been affected by erosion. These blankets are especially useful when trying to plant on hills or steep slopes. Typically, erosion control blankets are used to protect seeds from scavenging animals and prevent seeds and soil from being swept away by wind or water. In addition, erosion control blankets slow the flow of water, stopping plants and soil from being washed away. Erosion control blankets are versatile and can be adapted to fit any garden or landscape in any climate or environment.

Erosion control blankets are typically made from natural, biodegradable fibers such as coir, but they can also be made from synthetic materials. Coir erosion control blankets are especially good for slopes; the coir fibers absorb and retain water, slowing water as it flows down the slope. The adaptability of coir mats makes them a solid choice for erosion control; they can be used to support and restore banks, shores, and wetlands. Coir is an eco-friendly, organic product, and there is no waste to clean up when you use a coir mat.

Vegetation

Grass, plants, and other types of vegetation are exceptional at controlling erosion. As they grow, the roots from the grass or plants become anchored in the soil, keeping the soil in place. As a plant grows larger, its root system grows larger, and it becomes more able to secure the surrounding soil. Of course, it doesn’t hurt to use supplemental erosion control methods, but the plants themselves function as a natural way to ensure that the soil stays in place.

These erosion control methods can combat erosion in any garden or landscape. If your growing space has been affected by erosion, you should think about utilizing any of these methods to protect your plants and soil.

The Benefits of Silt Fencing

Whether you’re doing residential remodeling or working on a commercial or industrial project, making sure your site is protected is incredibly important. Many locations have laws requiring you to have erosion protection methods established before you ever break ground, as construction projects can be a cause of serious sediment flow.

Silt fencing is the most common method of protecting local waterways from any sediments disturbed by construction projects. It can be purchased with stakes already attached or with separate stakes and is occasionally buried in the ground as well to prevent water from flowing beneath the fencing. Silt fencing is also generally seen as more effective than wattles, as you can create a higher, more sustainable barrier.

Silt Fencing – the Basics

Silt fencing is usually made of synthetic materials specifically chosen to allow water to flow through while keeping sediment back. Generally, silt fencing is designed to withstand the elements wherever it’s being used; however, it’s important to remember that silt fencing is a passive filtration system and often isn’t designed to withstand a considerable weight of water. If you find water pooling more than a few feet deep in the middle of your silt fencing, you run the risk of the fencing collapsing and the filtration system failing.

Silt fencing is designed as dual-purpose protection. Not only do silt fences help with erosion control, but they’re also integral for sediment control. Silt fencing keeps sediment out of waterways and storm drains, preventing flooding issues and other problems with sediment dispersal.

Synthetic vs. Coir Silt Fencing

Coir silt fencing is a relatively new addition to the lineup of silt fencing options, which are traditionally made from synthetic geotextiles and require dismantling post-construction. Because there are often regulations regarding the type of fencing used, synthetic geotextiles are more common.

However, coir silt fencing has been growing in popularity due to its relatively low cost and sustainable nature. As coir is made from the fibers of coconut husks, it’s an all-natural product that works well on construction sites because of its practical design. Coir silt fencing is generally designed in a honeycomb-inspired sheet, which not only filters sediment from the water but can also catch small sediment pieces that may not be heavy enough to settle in front of the fence.

Coir silt fencing is also biodegradable, meaning that it requires less cleanup when construction is finished. It’s available in several customizable sizes, allowing for better ordering control. Because silt fencing is a necessary part of any construction project, it’s important to consider your options. When you can choose an option that’s eco-friendly, cost-effective, and often works better than the traditional alternative, why wouldn’t you?

Coir silt fencing is a great way to ensure sediment and erosion control at your worksite, no matter how large or small it is. And as suppliers continue to improve quality control and provide better products, coir silt fencing will continue to grow in popularity. Try it for your next construction project!

An Introduction to U.S. Soil Conservation Programs

Soil. It’s underfoot, where food is grown, and the foundation on which homes, roads, and important infrastructure are built. Wind and water soil erosion poses serious consequences to land, crops, vegetation, and human health. During erosion and runoff, sediment might be carried into the air or deposited downstream or on roadways. Infrastructure is compromised and pollutants are distributed. 

The effects of the growing agriculture industry on United States land prompted the U.S. government to implement programs and acts that work to conserve and preserve soil from erosion and degradation. Since the 1930s, the United States has expanded its various conservation programs in order to utilize the land to its full potential while reducing the harm caused by human activities such as agriculture. 

Today, several federal soil conservation programs operate under the United States Department of Agriculture and a USDA conservation service, the National Resources Conservation Service (NRCS). This program oversees the programs designed by the USDA, and with contribution from the U.S. Forest Service, to reduce the impact of soil erosion while making preservation efforts in the Great Plains and on U.S. wetlands.

History of Conservation Programs

The U.S. government has implemented programs to combat soil erosion caused by humans. Many of these acts focus on sustainable farming and agriculture.

1935 Soil Conservation Act: Congress enacted this program in order to “…provide for the protection of land resources against soil erosion, and for other purposes.” This act authorized the Conservation Options Program and the voluntary Soil Conservation Service, the predecessor to NRCS. These offshoots provided technical assistance to those looking to implement soil management programs and reduce the harmful effects of agriculture.

1936 Soil Conservation and Domestic Allotment Act: U.S. federal policy amended the Soil Conservation Act to encourage participation in agricultural conservation programs. This gave rise to the Agricultural Conservation Program, a voluntary program that provides producers the financial assistance they might require to put into use approved conservation practices

1956 Great Plains Conservation Program (GPCP): This voluntary long-term program sought to address the issues of soil erosion from wind and water, specifically on the Great Plains — an area of prime agriculture real estate. Producers were encouraged to adopt conservation practices to reduce erosion and employ best practices for the use of water and soil resources. Functions of this program included “anti-pollution practices, measures to enhance fish, wildlife, and recreation resources, and practices to promote economic land use.”

1956-today: The NRCS has greatly expanded in the years following, and today there are approximately two dozen programs designed to assist producers by providing education, and technical and financial assistance to implement conservation practices.

At the heart of these programs lie common goals:

  • Address natural resource and environmental concerns associated with agriculture.
  • Reduce soil erosion.
  • Enhance water supplies.
  • Improve water quality.
  • Increase wildlife habitat.
  • Reduce damages from floods and natural disasters.

Major Programs Today

Today, soil conservation programs are divided into two major categories: Working Land and Land Retirement. In the case of working-land programs, conservation practices are put into use on productive agricultural land. Under these programs, the land must stay in active production for the entirety of its enrollment period.

Land Retirement programs require that certain land is removed from agricultural production due to its vulnerability or high-erosion risk. Land sent into retirement then adopts conservation practices designated under the program the land is enrolled in.

Up until 2000, 90% of conservation programs focused on land retirement. Since then, the focus of the NRCS has shifted with the realization that working land needs as much, or more, protections.

Conservation Reserve Program (CRP)

This land retirement program serves to remove millions of acres of sensitive land that is susceptible to erosion from agricultural production. With 27 million acres lost to soil erosion, this program aims to reduce the damaging effects caused by agricultural production. Under this soil conservation service resides the Farm Service Agency which administers CRP in 10-year contracts under the NRCS.

Agricultural Conservation Easement Program (ACEP)

A working land program, the ACEP provides financial and technical assistance for agricultural land and wetlands to promote their conservation and the benefits both provide.

Also under this program is the Agricultural Land Easements. This component assists the NRCS in promoting Native American tribes, state and local governments, and non-government organizations to protect working land and prevent non-agricultural use of said land. The Wetlands Reserve Easements is yet another component that works to restore, protect, and enhance wetlands.

Environmental Quality Incentives Program (EQIP)

Another working-land program, EQIP may provide cost-share payments to producers and landowners to encourage them to put into place management practices to conserve and protect. Under this program reside four other programs with focused intent, which include the Conservation Innovative Grants, Ground and Surface Water Conservation, Klamath River Basin, and Colorado River Basin Salinity Control programs

The Conservation Security Program (CSP)

This working lands program offers financial incentives and technical assistance to agricultural producers. The program rewards producers who promote conservation efforts and work to improve soil, water, air, energy, plant, and animal life. This program is one of the most promising as it could eventually affect US agricultural policy.

Since the 1930s, and not that far into the 20th century, the U.S. recognized that just as the environment affected agriculture, so agriculture affected the environment. The implementation of several soil conservation programs under USDA oversight illustrate the efforts that need to be made to prevent or at least minimize the damage of soil erosion. 

World population has more than tripled since 1935, with now over seven billion humans on the planet that are fed and clothed through agriculture. As changing weather patterns produce storms and create unpredictability, agricultural producers and landowners must be more vigilant than ever.

Today there are many more programs filled with incentives and education to raise awareness and promote conservation efforts, a step in the right direction. Manufacturers are fulfilling the demand for substrates and sod-forming material to combat erosion and runoff. The National Resources Conservation Program has made strides forward to minimize the damage from soil erosion to include working land and land sent into retirement equally in the efforts to combat the effects of human activity and growth.

Stabilization Fabric: Woven vs Non-Woven

As its name suggests, stabilization fabric is a stabilizer and an effective erosion control method. Stabilization fabric is also important for roads and other structures, in that it helps the structure support massive amounts of weight consistently. This review will cover woven and non-woven stabilization fabric as well as uses and applications of stabilization fabric.

What Is Stabilization Fabric?

Stabilization fabric, referred to as geotextile, is used across many industries and has countless uses and applications. Geotextiles provide an abundance of benefits to the area in which they are installed. This durable stabilization fabric is used for soil stabilization, to separate soil from rock, to assist with filtering and drainage, and as an erosion control method. Stabilization fabric can be woven or non-woven and can be customized for use on any kind of project and in any capacity.

Woven Stabilization Fabric

Woven stabilization fabric is manufactured through a meticulous weaving process. Thanks to its design, woven stabilization fabric is incredibly strong, making it a viable solution for heavy-duty projects such as road construction. Because this stabilization fabric is woven tightly together, it’s not ideal for projects involving draining or filtering.

Woven stabilization fabric is made to be long-lasting, so it’s a good choice for long-term projects. Woven stabilization fabric is the layer of extra support that roads and rock structures require for maximum stabilization and security. Without this protective layer, water would flow through cracks in the road or pavement and damage the underlying soil, which would weaken the road’s overall structure. This fabric helps extend the lives of roads and highways.

Non-Woven Stabilization Fabric

Non-woven stabilization fabric is commonly made by fusing various synthetic materials together using chemicals or heat. Despite being composed of synthetic materials, non-woven fabric is durable, versatile, and allows water to pass through it easily. The porosity of non-woven stabilization fabric allows it to filter water while holding the soil in place. 

Non-woven stabilization fabric is most effective when used for filtering or separating purposes on large-scale construction projects or smaller landscaping projects. When used for separating, non-woven stabilization fabric provides a layer of support between the soil and riprap. 

Uses and Applications

Stabilization fabric can be used in conjunction with soil and rock for many purposes throughout a wide range of industries. Stabilization fabric’s primary uses include separating soil from rock, stabilizing soil, draining a location of flooding water, filtering water, supporting storm drains, and protecting areas against erosion.

Stabilization fabric can be implemented underneath roads or airport runways to support the soil. Additionally, stabilization fabric can be found on construction sites as a layer of protection for the soil. Woven stabilization fabric can be applied to pavement, roads, railroads, building structures, and riprap.

Stabilization fabric is another line of defense in the battle against erosion, and it has a variety of supplemental uses, as well. Any kind of stabilization fabric will benefit the area in which it’s installed, as you can never have too much support for soil in areas affected by erosion.